Is it possible to get demographic information from contact list without asking in survey?

Absolutely. That is the power of embedded data. Qualtrics has a good write up of how to use embedded data here:
Embedded Data | Also you can use the anonymize option in Survey Options to get rid of identifying emails from your contact list once they have completed the survey. You still retain a list of those who never answered the survey so that you may send reminders.
Survey Options | Sending thank you and survey reminder messages:
https://www.qualtrics.com/support/survey-platform/distributions-module/email-distribution/reminder-thank-emails/
Qualtrics is not my favorite platform for translational research longitudinal surveys . For that I prefer REDCap (if you are working in health data affiliated organization).
If you have additional questions I (and other community members) are glad to help.
As is always the case, I strongly recommend that you test your survey including exporting the test data to your analysis tool or analyzing it in Qualtrics.
Good luck.

Hi Lazericb ,
I think this Support article describes what you want to do: https://www.qualtrics.com/support/survey-platform/survey-module/survey-flow/standard-elements/embedded-data#SettingValuesFromAContactList