Hi, I was also just looking for this.
I'm afraid it's not possible, as I also found (and voted for) the following Product Idea about that:
https://www.qualtrics.com/community/discussion/12497/identify-contacts-with-bounced-emails-via-filter

This original post is old but posting in case someone runs across this in their search related to bounced emails.

Assuming ​@DMoon  was wanting to alert managers when a survey invitation bounces, yes, this is possible using the XM Experience iD change workflow task.  Provided recipients are contacts in the XM directory, you can create a standalone task that starts based on an event.  Select the Experience iD Change task, and then select “Bounce change”.  Once this is set, you can then add an email task, routing emails to managers.  If you have multiple surveys, contact lists, etc., you can set conditions to route appropriately.