Thanks for all the responses.
The email with the link is sent using noreply@qemailserver.com by the organization. I don't think I can trust that as the automated part at the bottom does not indicate anonymous. Only the custom message from the boss. Also, in the Qualtrics form, there is no indication that it is anonymous.
I omitted the some data in the link I got. It is in this format.
https://[orgid].au1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/[formID]?Q_DL=[Distribution List ID]&Q_CHL=email
Based on my understanding, I would think that it is not anonymous and there is some tracking done.
I asked another friend and his url is different from mine in the DistributionList ID.
The organization will likely know based on our responses who or which group responded what in their survey. Which in the case where the boss declared anonymity should not be trusted.
Any further insights from the community is well appreciated.
Really wish that Qualtrics have a verification page to proof my point or at least give participants a way to validate the form is really anonymous.