As anyone ever come across an issue where embedded data in URLs is not being collected properly?

I have created personal links, but they are being sent to a panel provider so we don’t know who the recipients will be at the point of creation so we add country, language, and id parameters to the URL rather than including this data at link creation.
But they don’t seem to be working? Here I have specified:
Q_Language=DE
But the survey still shows in English. And though I can’t show it here with screenshots, the user_id is needed for redirects upon completion but when I arrive at the redirect URL user_id is blank so it has not been collected.
All of my embedded data fields are at the very top of mysurvey flow and match exactly (i.e. case and spelling).
I notice that if I remove Q_DL=… from the URL then the error mesage does show in the language specified so is it possible that this value has been corrupted somehow? And if it is something to do with Q_DL then can I be sure the issue is restricted to a single distribution, or might it affect other surveys? This also hasn’t affected all of our surveys either.
We don’t see the issue with anonymous links but we would much prefer personal links to be absolutely sure of preventing multiple submissions.
I have contacted Support but had no update so thought I would check if anyone else has seen this before and knew how to fix it.
Thanks!