DaraLi
Include 11 labels in your case and just add a space where you would not like the labels to show. You will see them right above the slider numbers.
Hope it helps!

Hi Deepak, thank you for the idea!
but unfortunately, it does not work.. I've tried out to use spaces or a short word in white color but the first and last labels are still not at the place where they should be. I guess it is because the slider-table does not allow the labels to move outside this table.
I guess it should be possible to manipulate the table itself? so that I am able to change the width of the labels-row or make another table with a suitable width?
maybe using Html or JavaScript?

https://community.qualtrics.com/XMcommunity/discussion/comment/53053#Comment_53053Via JS you can manipulate the first and last slider number to accommodate the label as well. And remove the default labels completely.

https://community.qualtrics.com/XMcommunity/discussion/comment/53054#Comment_53054Could you please give an example of the code or how I can do this? I still don't know how to access the table or the html-code that qualtrics produces - I just assumed that it should be possible somehow.. in the editor I can write the code for the question but I don't see anywhere the code for the slider itself..

https://community.qualtrics.com/XMcommunity/discussion/comment/53055#Comment_53055Unfortunately I would not be able to help you with the code.
But you can learn from https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_option_label.asp
How to access.
Hope it helps!

Deepak Thank you! I'll share the solution when I find it.